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Due to its size, the cellist sits in a chair and rests the cello between his or her knees. The cello plays notes that are only an octave (8 notes) lower than the viola, but it is much larger. It has a warmer tone quality than the violin and often plays harmony to support the violin’s melody. The viola duplicates the violin’s three lower strings, but its fourth string is tuned another fifth lower than the lowest violin string. There are usually two sections of violins, first violins and second violins, and they play different parts (different music has been written for each group).Ī little larger than the violin but played in the same manner, the viola is the next lower member of the string family. The violin often carries the melody in an orchestral work as its brilliant sound carries easily over many of the other instruments. Usually a soloist will stand, and violinists in an orchestra will sit. It is held under the chin and rests on the player’s left shoulder. The violin is the smallest and highest-pitched member of the string family. The shorter the vibrating part of the string, the higher the sound produced. The instrument sounds different notes when the performer presses a finger down on the strings on the instrument?s neck, changing the length of the portion of the string that vibrates. The player makes the strings vibrate by plucking them, striking them, strumming them, or, most frequently, by drawing a bow across them. The strings are tuned in perfect fifths from each other 5 notes apart. The pegs are used to tune the instrument (change the length of the string until it makes exactly the right sound). The quality of sound of one of these instruments depends on its shape, the wood it is made from, the thickness of both the top and back, and the varnish that coats its outside surface.įour strings made of gut, synthetics, or steel are wrapped around pegs at one end of the instrument, tightly stretched across a bridge, and attached to a tailpiece at the other end. They are all made by gluing pieces of wood together to form a hollow sound box. The four most commonly used instruments in the string family are the violin, the viola, the cello and the double (string) bass.
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